As more individuals use portable oxygen equipment at home to address a variety of health concerns, such as asthma, COPD, and long COVID, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has released some guidance to help individuals use these devices safely.
The guidance specifically focuses on oxygen concentrators and pulse oximeters. Oxygen concentrators are used to supplement oxygen in the body; while oximeters are used to measure and monitor oxygen levels.
Oxygen concentrators currently require a prescription.
“Giving yourself oxygen without talking to a doctor first may do more harm than good,” the guidance notes. “Even though oxygen makes up about 21 percent of the air around us, breathing high concentrations of oxygen may damage your lungs. On the other hand, not getting enough oxygen into the blood, a condition called hypoxia, could damage the heart, brain, and other organs.”
When using an oxygen concentrator, the FDA says to:
- Avoid open flames and smoking
- Place the concentrator in an open space to reduce chances of device failure from overheating
- Prevent blockage of vents on the concentrator, which can inhibit performance
- Check the device periodically for alarms to ensure they are getting the proper flow of oxygen.
When using a pulse oximeters to measure oxygen levels, the FDA offers the following advice:
- Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for use.
- Make sure your finger is warm, relaxed, and held below heart level when placed on an oximeter.
- Sit still and do not move.
- Wait a few seconds until the reading stops changing and displays one steady number.
Users should also write down their oxygen level and the date and time of the reading so they can track any changes and report them to a health care provider.
If any abnormal readings are detected, always alert a medical provider for advice and treatment. The same applies when dealing with shortness of breath, chest pain or tightness, fast pulse rate, or other abnormalities that may suggest a change in oxygen levels.
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